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Bug Bites and Stings

Bug Bites and Stings
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KidsHealth> Parents> First Aid & Safety> Emergencies: What to Do> Bug
Bites and Stings

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Bug bites and stings usually are just nuisances. They bring momentary
alarm, temporary discomfort and pain, but no serious or lasting health
problems. But on occasion, they can cause infections that require
treatment and allergic reactions that can be serious, even fatal.
Parents should know the signs of an infection or allergic reaction,
and when to get medical attention. Inform all caregivers if a child
has any history of complications so they know what to do in the event
of a bug bite or sting.

What to Do About:
Bee and Wasp Stings

A bee will leave behind a stinger attached to a venom sac. Try to
 remove it as quickly as possible. (Wasps don't leave their
 stingers in the skin after stinging, which means they can sting
 more than once.)
Wash the area carefully with soap and water. Do this two to three
 times a day until the skin is healed.

Apply an ice pack wrapped in a cloth or a cold, wet washcloth for
 a few minutes.
Give acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain.

For pain and itching, give an over-the-counter oral antihistamine
 if your child's doctor says it's OK; follow dosage instructions
 for your child's age and weight. You could also apply a
 corticosteroid cream or calamine lotion to the sting area.
A sting anywhere in the mouth warrants immediate medical attention
 because stings in oral mucous membranes can quickly cause severe
 swelling that may block airways.

Seek medical care if you notice a large skin rash or swelling
 around the sting site, or if swelling or pain persists for more
 than 3 days, which could indicate an infection.
Get medical help right away if you notice any of the following
 signs, which may indicate a serious or potentially
 life-threatening allergic reaction:

wheezing or difficulty breathing
tightness in throat or chest

swelling of the lips, tongue, or face
dizziness or fainting

nausea or vomiting
Continue

Spider Bites
Wash the area carefully with soap and water. Do this two to three
 times a day until skin is healed.

Apply cool compresses.
Give acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain.

To protect against infection, apply an antibiotic ointment and
 keep the child's hands washed. If you have any reason to suspect a
 bite by a black widow or brown recluse spider, apply ice to the
 bite site and take your child to the emergency room. Even if a
 child doesn't show any symptoms, get medical attention right away.
Most spiders found in the United States are harmless, with the
exception of the black widow and the brown recluse spider. The
brown recluse spider — a tiny oval brown spider with a small shape
like a violin on its back — is found mostly in midwestern and
southern parts of the United States. The bites usually don't hurt
at first, and a child might not even be aware of the bite, but in
some cases they cause swelling and changes in skin color and a
blister.

The black widow spider, which is found all over North America, has
a shiny black body and an orange hourglass shape on its
underbelly. The venom (poison) in a black widow bite can cause
painful cramps that show up within a few hours of the bite. The
cramps can start in the muscles around the bite and then spread.
The bite may also lead to nausea, vomiting, chills, fever, and
muscle aches. If your child has any of these symptoms — or you
know that he or she has been bitten — go to the emergency room
right away.
In the southwest United States, an unidentified bite may be caused by
a scorpion. Take your child to the emergency room immediately.

BackContinue
Tick Bites

Check kids and pets for ticks carefully after you've been in or around
a wooded area. Common types of ticks include dog ticks and deer ticks
(deer ticks may be carriers of Lyme disease).
If you find a tick on your child:

Call your doctor, who may want you to save the tick in a sealed
 container or zip-locked bag for identification later.
Use tweezers to grasp the tick firmly at its head or mouth, next
 to the skin.

Pull firmly and steadily on the tick until it lets go (do not
 twist or jerk the tick), then swab the bite site with alcohol.
Don't use petroleum jelly or a lit match to kill and remove a
 tick.

Reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD
Date reviewed: September 2007
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