Information about vitamin b6 is used for
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--------------------------------------------------------------------- Information and Facts
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Vitamin B3 (Niacin) Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid) Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Vitamin Bc (Folic Acid) Vitamin H (Biotin) ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) B1 is a water soluble vitamin and is a member of the Vitamin B complex. Also known as Thiamin and Aneurin.
The biochemically active derivative of thiamine is the pyrophosphate ester of thiamine, Thiamine pyrophosphate which is concerned in a number of important metabolic processes, including: decarboxylation of alpha-oxoglutaric acid in citric acid cycle
conversion of alanine, via pyruvic acid to acetyl coenzyme A B1 is the most unstable of the Vitamin B complex. Isolated from rice polishing's in 1926 by Drs. B.C.P. Jansen and W.F. Donath.
B1 Vitamin B1 Chemical Structure, C12H18Cl2H4OS.H20.
FUNCTION anti-neuritic factor
co-enzyme converting carbohydrate into energy in the nerve tissues, muscles and heart improves mental attitude
necessary for proper metabolism of sugar and starch to provide energy promotes growth
releases energy from carbohydrate, alcohol and fat FOOD SOURCES
blackstrap molasses bran
Brewer's Yeast eggs
corn meats, especially pork, liver
oatmeal raw nuts
soybeans and soybean products, such as tofu wheat germ
milk whole brown rice
whole wheat EFFECTIVE WITH
B-Complex B2
Folic Acid Manganese
Niacin Vitamin C
Vitamin E USED FOR
brain and nervous function energy
an insect repellant facial paralysis (Bell's Palsy)
improving heart function in heart disease improving mental ability in children
lumbago optic neuritis
relieving dental post-operative pain sciatica
treating indigestion trigeminal neuralgia
INCREASED INTAKES NEEDED after surgery
by alcohol drinkers by habitual antacid takers
during fever during pregnancy and breastfeeding
in increased physical activity and other stressful situations for old people
on high carbohydrate diets DESTROYED BY
alkalis, such as baking powder and baking soda sulfur dioxide
leaching into cooking water SYMPTOMS OF DEFICIENCY
depression digestive upsets
fatigue impairment of memory
irritability lack of concentration
loss of appetite nausea
muscle weakness DEFICIENCY LEADS TO
Beriberi (in very severe deficiency) constipation with abdominal pains
polyneuritics (the most general symptom is general nervous atrophy) tenderness in the calves of the legs
tingling and burning in the toes and soles of the feet SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY
usually no toxicity problems with oral dosage Occasionally injections of Thiamin can cause hypersensitivity in certain people. Symptoms include:
breathing difficulties cyanosis (skin turns blue)
generalized itching and sweating itching and welling at injection site
low blood pressure nausea
sneezing and wheezing swollen tongue, lips and eyes
--------------------------------------------------------------------- Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
B2 is a water soluble vitamin and is a member of the Vitamin B complex. Also known as Riboflavin, Lactoflavin, Vitamin G. Isolated from whey in 1933 by Dr. R. Khun. B2
Vitamin B2 Chemical Structure, C17H20N4O6 FUNCTION
aids in growth and reproduction alleviates eye fatigue
eliminates soreness of mouth and lips helps burn carbohydrates, fat and protein
important for good muscle tone involved in metabolism of protein, protein fats, and carbohydrates
necessary for antibody production necessary for cell respiration and growth
necessary for good vision, skin, hair and nails necessary for red blood cell formation
precursor of flavoproteins, flavin-adenine dinucleotide and flavin mononucleotide releases energy from protein, fat and carbohydrate
FOOD SOURCES bran
Brewer's Yeast cheese
eggs, especially whites of egg fish
green leafy vegetables whole grain breads
milk organ meats, such as liver, kidney and tongue
pulses, such as lentils soy products, such as tofu
yoghurt mushrooms
broccoli EFFECTIVE WITH
B-Complex B6
Niacin Vitamin C
USED FOR lip and tongue health
skin health growth
metabolism of carbohydrates fats
protiens vision
gastric and duodenal ulcers mouth ulcers
ulceration of the cornea and sometimes cataracts yellow food coloring
INCREASED INTAKES NEEDED by alcohol drinkers
by tobacco smokers during pregnancy and breastfeeding
if taking contraceptive pill DESTROYED BY
heat but only in alkaline solution leaching into cooking fluids
unstable to light SYMPTOMS OF DEFICIENCY
bloodshot eyes, eyes sensitive to light and tired eyes dizziness
excessive hair loss insomnia
scaling of skin around nose, mouth, forehead, ears and scalp slow learning
trembling DEFICIENCY LEADS TO
burning sensation like grit under eyelids cracks and sores in the corners of the mouth
inflammation of the tongue and lips SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY
Riboflavin toxicity is virtually unknown ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Vitamin B3 (Niacin) B3 is a water soluble vitamin and is a member of the Vitamin B complex. Also known as Niacin, Nicotinic Acid, Nicotinamide, Vitamin B5 in Europe, Vitamin PP (Pellagra preventing or PP Factor) or 3-pyridine carboxylic.
It is produced in the body from the amino acid Tryptophane and can be prepared synthetically by oxidizing Nicotine with a variety of agents or more cheaply from Pyridine or Quinoline. Nicotinic Acid was discovered in 1867 but was shown to be a vitamin in 1937 by Dr. Conrad Elvehjem.
B3 Vitamin B3 Chemical Structure, C6H5NO2
FUNCTION essential for proper utilization of brain and nerves
involved in proper activity of the nervous system involved in the oxidative release of energy from food
lowers LDL (low density lipids) or bad cholesterol necessary for healthy skin and tongue
promotes healthy digestive system raises HDL (high density lipids) or good cholesterol
synthesizes sex hormones FOOD SOURCES
avocados bran
Brewer's Yeast brown rice
cheese dates, figs
dessicated liver dried fruits
eggs figs and prunes
fish, especially fatty fish and whitefish lean meats
nuts oats
peanuts poultry, especially chicken
pulses, such as lentils soy products, such as tofu
wheat wheat germ
whole wheat products EFFECTIVE WITH
B-Complex B1
B2 Pantothenic Acid
Vitamin C USED FOR
arthritis improving circulation
increases circulation cholesterol levels
brain function possibly inhibiting cancer
preventing severity of migraine headaches protecting the skin
reducing high blood pressure energy
metabolism digestive system
schizophrenia (high doses) weaning alcoholics off alcohol
weaning tobacco smokers off tobacco INCREASED INTAKES NEEDED
by alcohol drinkers during pregnancy and breastfeeding
if taking anti-leukemia drugs based on 6-mercaptopurine DESTROYED BY
leaching into water SYMPTOMS OF DEFICIENCY
dermatitis diarrhea
dry scaly skin general fatigue
indigestion inflamed digestive tract
inflamed mouth insomnia
irritability loss of appetite
minor skin complaints muscular weakness
nausea rashes
stress and depression associated with the nervous system vomiting
wrinkles and coarse texture of skin DEFICIENCY LEADS TO
death dementia
pellagra SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY
abdominal cramps boils
depression diarrhea
dry skin flushing of face
itching liver malfunction
mild gout symptoms nausea
pounding headache sensation of heat
CAUTION Avoid B3 when suffering from gastric or duodenal ulcers
B3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid) B5 is a water soluble vitamin and is a member of the Vitamin B complex. Also known as Pantothenic (from panthos meaning 'everywhere') Acid, Vitamin B3 in Europe. Its natural form is D-pantothenic acid. It is usually taken as the supplement Calcium Pantothenate. In cosmetics it usually appears as dexpanthenol and pantothenol. Pantothenic Acid is an oil which is required by higher animals and some micro-organisms and is present in many natural products and is a constituent of coenzyme A. Isolated from rice husks in 1939 by Dr. R.J. Williams.
B5 FUNCTION
aids in normal growth and development converts cholesterol into anti-stress hormones
converts choline to brain substance acetylcholine necessary for a healthy nervous system essential for energy and metabolism
helps to convert fat and sugar to energy helps form certain hormones and antibodies
involved in the formation of fatty acids, polyketides and the synthesis of terpenoids and steroids necessary for maintenance of healthy digestive tract, skin, and glands
FOOD SOURCES bran
Brewer's Yeast cheese
chicken dried fruit
egg yolk fresh nuts
fruits green leafy vegetables
maize oats
organ meats, especially pig liver and kidney poultry
pulses, such as lentils roasted nuts
root vegetables soy products, such as tofu
unpolished brown rice whole grain cereal
yoghurt Substantial amounts produced by intestinal bacteria.
EFFECTIVE WITH B-Complex
B6 B12
Biotin Folic Acid
Vitamin C USED FOR
decreasing allergic skin reactions in childrenbrain functionnervous system builds antibodies
cholesterol and fat control digestive function
detoxifying drugs in the body overcoming excess mucous secretion in respiratory allergies in adults
rheumatoid arthritis INCREASED INTAKES NEEDED
after antibiotics after physical injury
during stress situations if taking Streptomycin, Neomycin, Kanamycin, Viomycin to lessen side effects and toxicity
to increase resistance to infection to reduce allergy effects on respiratory system, skin and gastrointestinal tract
DESTROYED BY deep freezing and thawing
dry-processing of food heat in presence of acid (vinegar) and alkali (bicarbonate)
leaching into cooking water roasting of meat
SYMPTOMS OF DEFICIENCY abdominal pain
arm and leg cramps depression
fast heartbeat fatigue
headaches heel tenderness
indigestion insomnia
loss of appetite low blood pressure
neuritis psychosis
respiratory infections DEFICIENCY LEADS TO
Deficiency can lead to 'burning feet syndrome'. Symptoms include: aching, burning and throbbing in feet
sharp, stabbing pains that spread to the knee SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY
No toxicity symptoms reported from Calcium Pantothenate B5
--------------------------------------------------------------------- Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
B6 is a water soluble vitamin and is a member of the Vitamin B complex. Also known as Pyridoxine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4, 5-bis(hydroxy-methyl) pyridine. It is present in supplements as Pyridoxine Hydrochloride and Pryidoxine Phosphate. Isolated from liver in 1934 by Dr. Paul Gyorgy. B6
Vitamin B6 Chemical Structure, C8H11NO3 FUNCTION
essential for protein metabolism essential for the formation of hemoglobin, the pigment in the blood that carries oxygen around the body
essential for utilization of proteins and fats helps in normal function of nervous system
is needed also by certain bacteria necessary for production of red blood cells and antibodies which fight disease
needed for many body functions FOOD SOURCES
bananas beef
Brewer's Yeast brown rice husks
cabbage dried fruits
eggs fish, fatty, whitefish
green leafy vegetables maize
meats milk
nuts, especially pecans oats
organ meats, especially pig liver potatoes
pulses, such as lentils root vegetables
soy products, such as tofu peppers
wheat bran wheat germ
whole grain EFFECTIVE WITH
B-Complex B1
B2 Magnesium
Pantothenic Acid Potassium
Vitamin C INCREASED INTAKES NEEDED
by women just before their period during pregnancy and breastfeeding
for alcohol drinkers for tobacco smokers
for women with morning sickness for women with diabetes induced by pregnancy
if on a high protein diet if taking contraceptive pill, estrogen or hormone replacement pills
if taking the drugs Isoniazid, Hydralazine, Penicillamine USED FOR
nerve disorder red blood formation
body immunity hand numbness
metabolism of protein and fat kidney stones
anemia asthma
convulsions depression
mental retardation premenstrual tension
urticaria SYMPTOMS OF DEFICIENCY
breast discomfort inflammation of the tongue
irritability migraine headaches
puffy fingers and ankles during menstrual cycle scaly skin near the eyes, nose and mouth
split lips swollen abdomen
tiredness DEFICIENCY LEADS TO
anemia atherosclerosis
convulsions in infants depression
kidney stones peripheral neuritis (inflammation and degeneration of nerve endings)
skin complaints in adults SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY
very low toxicity levels Very rarely peripheral neuropathy may occur. Symptoms include:
numbness in feet unstable gait (walking movement) leading to unsteady walking
difficulty in handling small objects numbness and clumsiness of the hands
increased blood plasma levels It is also incompatible with the drug Levodopa for Parkinson's Disease
B6 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) B12 is a water soluble vitamin and is a member of the Vitamin B complex. Also known as Cobalamin (due to its cobalt factor), cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin.Vitamin B12 is produced by the growth of certain micro-organisms and also occurs in the liver. Vitamin B12 has been prepared synthetically.
Isolated in liver in 1948 by Dr. E. Smith. Vitamin B12 Chemical Structure, C63H90CoN14O14P
B12 FUNCTION
key nutrient for new growth maintains health of nervous system, including brain cells
necessary for normal digestion and absorption of foods necessary protein synthesis and carbohydrate and fat metabolism
vital for the formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow protects nerves
involved in the biosynthesis of methyl groups of choline and methionine FOOD SOURCES
dairy products eggs
fish kidney
meats, especially cod liver muscles, sardines, oysters
EFFECTIVE WITH B-Complex
B6 Choline
Folic Acid Inositol
Potassium Vitamin C
INCREASED INTAKES NEEDED by alcohol drinkers
by geriatric patients by heavy tobacco smokers
by those suffering from malabsorption by those suffering from intestinal parasites
by vegetarians and vegans during pregnancy
USED FOR a general tonic
tongue health nervous system
improving appetite/metabolism mental confusion
moodiness muscle fatigue
neuritis (mainly in the aged) paranoia
pernicious anemia/formation of red blood cells poor memory
providing extra energy body cell production
tiredness
DESTROYED BY boiling in the presence of alkali (bicarbonate)
SYMPTOMS OF DEFICIENCY excessive pigmentation of the hands (affects colored people only)
menstrual disorders mental deterioration
nerve degeneration causing tremors psychosis
smooth, sore tongue DEFICIENCY LEADS TO
Addison's Disease pernicious anemia
The vitamin deficiency is often due to failure to absorb B12 from the stomach and can be alleviated by giving megadoses of the intrinsic anti-pernicious anaemia factor (a mucoprotein) which promotes absorption. SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY
toxicity is virtually unknown occasional allergic reactions to B12 injections
B12 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Folic Acid Folic acid is a water soluble vitamin and is a member of the Vitamin B complex. Also known as Folacin, pteroyl-L-glutamic acid (PGA), vitamin Bc or vitamin M. Folic acid and its derivatives (mostly the tri and heptaglutamyl peptides) are widespread in nature. It is a specific growth factor for certain micro-organisms. Found in yeast and liver in 1935.
Folic Acid (vitamin Bc) Chemical structureC19H19N7O6 Folic Acid
FUNCTION involved in the formation of new cells
involved in the metabolism of ribonucleic acids (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA), essential for protein synthesis, formation of blood and transmission of genetic code essential during pregnancy to reduce the risk of neural tube defects (birth defects affecting the brain and/or spinal cord)essential for the normal growth and development of the fetus
involved in the biosynthesis of purines, serines and glycine involved in some functions associated with Vitamin B12
necessary for building resistance to diseases in the thymus gland of new born babies and infants may reduce the risk of cervical dysplasia
necessary for red blood cell production FOOD SOURCES
bananas Brewers's Yeast
citrus fruits, peeled eggs
fatty fish fresh nuts
green leafy vegetables meats, especially pig liver and kidney
milk oats
pulses, such as lentils roasted nuts
soy products, such as tofu unpolished brown rice
wheat germ wheat bran
wheat grains EFFECTIVE WITH
B-Complex B12
Biotin Pantothenic Acid
Vitamin C INCREASED INTAKES NEEDED
by alcohol drinkers by the elderly
during pregnancy and breastfeeding if taking contraceptive pill
if taking the drugs, Aspirin, Cholestyramine, Isethionate, Isoniazid, Methotrexate, Pentamidime, Phenytoin (may be neutralized), Primidone, Pyrimethamine, Triamterene,Trimethoprim USED FOR
malabsorption in geriatric patients megaloblastic anemia
mental deterioration psychosis
schizophrenia DESTROYED BY
leached into cooking water processing and cooking of vegetables, fruits and dairy products
unstable to oxygen at high temperatures but protected by Vitamin C SYMPTOMS OF DEFICIENCY
breathlessness fatigue
irritability sleeplessness
weakness DEFICIENCY LEADS TO
Various conditions relating to childbirth: abortion
birth defects, such as neural tube defect which causes spina bifida hemorrhage following birth
premature birth premature separation of the placenta from the uterus
toxemia As well as:
megaloblastic anemia (red blood cells are large and uneven with a shortened life span) mild mental symptoms, such as forgetfulness and confusion
SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY Folic Acid has a low toxicity but occasionally the following symptoms occur:
abdominal distension flatulence (gas/wind)
irritability loss of appetite
nausea over-activity
sleep disturbance symptoms of fever
temperature rise Long term high doses may cause Vitamin B12 losses from the body
Antagonism with the epilepsy drug, Phenytoin ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Vitamin H (Biotin) Biotin is a water soluble vitamin and a member of Vitamin B complex. Also known as Vitamin H, Bios II, Co-enzyme R. Its natural form is D-biotin. It was isolated from liver in 1941 by Dr. Paul Gyorgy.
FUNCTION co-enzyme in wide variety of body metabolic reactions
needed for production of energy from carbohydrates, fats and proteins needed for interconversions
essential for maintenance of healthy skin, hair, sweat glands, nerves, bone marrow and glands producing sex hormones FOOD SOURCE
Brewer's Yeast cheese
eggs maize
fish, fatty, white meats, especially pig liver and kidney
milk oats
wheat bran wheat germ
wholemeal grains nuts
tomatoes unpolished brown rice
vegetables yoghurt
INCREASED INTAKES NEEDED by newborn children being fed on dried milk
during stress situations when on antibiotic therapy
USED FOR seborrheic dermatitis
Leiner's Disease alopecia (hair falling out in handfuls)
scalp disease skin complaints/skin health
tongue health body linings
nervous system brain function
muscle health cholesterol levels
hair health preventing cot death (given to babies)
DESTROYED BY leaching into cooking
drying of milk for baby foods SYMPTOMS OF DEFICIENCY
In babies: dry scaling of the scalp and face
persistent diarrhea In adults:
depression diminished reflexes
fatigue hair loss
increase in blood cholesterol levels loss of appetite
muscular pains nausea
pale, smooth tongue sleepiness
DEFICIENCY LEADS TO specific anemia
deficiency may be induced by excessive intake of raw egg whites, which contain the protein Avidin which immobilizes Biotin SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY
toxicity unknown Biotin
High quality Vitamin B can be purchased from Global Herbal Supplies Return to the Vitamin Information Resource Center
--------------------------------------------------------------------- More Vitamin Information:
Beta Carotene Biotin Choline & Choline/ Inositol Folic Acid Inositol Multivitamins Vitamin A Vitamin B-1 (Thiamin) Vitamin B-12 (Cyanocobalamin) Vitamin B-2 (Riboflavin) Vitamin B-3(Niacin) Vitamin B-5 (Pantothenic Acid) Vitamin B-6 (Pyridoxine) Vitamin B-Complex Vitamin C/ Bioflavonoids Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K ---------------------------------------------------------------------
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